How to use database/sql package with different SQL database drivers in Go?

To use the database/sql package with different SQL database drivers in Go, you need to follow these steps:

1. Import the required database driver package:

   import ( "database/sql" _ "github.com/<driver-package>" )

   Replace <driver-package> with the import path of the specific driver you want to use (e.g., "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql" for MySQL).

2. Open a database connection using the driver:

   db, err := sql.Open("<driver-name>", "<connection-string>")

   Replace <driver-name> with the name of the driver (e.g., "mysql") and <connection-string> with the connection details specific to the driver. The connection string format may vary between different drivers.

3. Ensure the connection is successful:

   if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) }

   It is essential to check for any errors when opening the connection.

4. Close the database connection when done:

   defer db.Close()

   By using defer, you can ensure the connection is closed at the end of the function.

5. Execute SQL statements using the database connection:

   rows, err := db.Query("SELECT col1, col2 FROM table")

   You can perform various SQL operations using the Query, Exec, Prepare, and other methods provided by the sql.DB type. Each method returns a result set (*sql.Rows) or an error.

6. Retrieve data from the result set:

   defer rows.Close() for rows.Next() { var col1, col2 string err := rows.Scan(&col1, &col2) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } // Use the retrieved data } if err = rows.Err(); err != nil { log.Fatal(err) }

   After executing a query, you can use the Rows returned by db.Query to iterate over the result set. Using rows.Scan, you can bind the retrieved values to variables.

7. Handle errors appropriately: You should always check for errors returned by SQL operations and handle them as appropriate, such as logging or returning errors.

Remember to refer to the specific database driver's documentation for complete details on the available methods and features.