How to use conditional statements (if-else) in Go?

In Go, you can use conditional statements, such as if-else, to control the flow of your program based on certain conditions. Here's how you can use if-else statements in Go:

Basic if statement:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    x := 10

    if x > 5 {
        fmt.Println("x is greater than 5")
    }
}

if-else statement:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    x := 3

    if x > 5 {
        fmt.Println("x is greater than 5")
    } else {
        fmt.Println("x is smaller than or equal to 5")
    }
}

if-else if-else statement:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    x := 7

    if x > 10 {
        fmt.Println("x is greater than 10")
    } else if x > 5 {
        fmt.Println("x is greater than 5 but less than or equal to 10")
    } else {
        fmt.Println("x is less than or equal to 5")
    }
}

Inline if statement with a short statement:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    x, y := 5, 10

    if sum := x + y; sum > 10 {
        fmt.Println("Sum is greater than 10")
    } else {
        fmt.Println("Sum is less than or equal to 10")
    }
}

In this example, sum is a variable that is only accessible inside the if statement's block.

Note that the condition given in an if statement should be a boolean expression (evaluates to either true or false). You can use comparison operators (>, <, >=, <=, ==, !=) and logical operators (&& for AND, || for OR, ! for NOT) to form boolean expressions.

Remember to enclose the condition within parentheses. Also, proper indentation is not necessary in Go, but it is a good practice to improve code readability.