How to use breakpoints and conditional debugging with Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) like Visual Studio Code (VSCode)?

To use breakpoints and conditional debugging with VSCode, follow these steps:

  1. Install VSCode: Download and install Visual Studio Code from the official website.

  2. Open your project: Open your project folder by selecting "Open Folder" from the "File" menu.

  3. Set breakpoints: In your source code, click on the line number where you want to set a breakpoint. A red circle will appear, indicating the breakpoint is set. You can set multiple breakpoints in different locations.

  4. Configure conditional breakpoints (optional): Right-click on the breakpoint icon and select "Edit Breakpoint." Provide a condition that should be evaluated when the execution reaches that breakpoint. The breakpoint will be hit only if the condition is true.

  5. Start debugging: Click on the debug icon in the activity bar on the side, or use the F5 keyboard shortcut. This will open the debug view.

  6. Configure the debugger: On the debug view, you'll find a dropdown menu with launch configurations. Select the desired configuration or create a new one if it doesn't exist. A launch configuration specifies how the debugger should run and what files to debug.

  7. Start debugging session: Click the green "Start Debugging" button or press F5. This will start the debugging session, and your breakpoints will be hit when the code execution reaches them.

  8. Debug controls: Once the debugger is running, you can use various controls such as "Continue" to resume code execution, "Step Over" to execute the next line, "Step Into" to dive into a function, and "Step Out" to return to the caller. Use these controls to navigate and interact with the code during debugging.

  9. Inspect variables and values: While debugging, you can inspect the values of variables by hovering over them or using the "Watch" panel. You can add expressions and watch their values as well.

  10. Conditional debugging: If you have set a conditional breakpoint, the debugger will only break when the condition is met. You can check the condition's evaluation in the debugger console.

  11. End debugging: To stop the debugging session, click the red "Stop Debugging" icon or press Shift+F5.

By utilizing breakpoints and conditional debugging, you can pause the execution at specific points in your code and analyze variables and values, making it easier to diagnose and fix issues.