How to trace memory allocations and deallocations using runtime.MemProfile()?

To trace memory allocations and deallocations using the runtime.MemProfile() function in Go, you can follow these steps:

Import the necessary packages:

import (
	"runtime"
	"runtime/pprof"
)

Start the memory profiling by calling runtime.MemProfile.Start() and passing it a CPU profile file name:

memProfileFile, _ := os.Create("memProfile.prof")
runtime.MemProfileRate = 1
runtime.MemProfileStart(memProfileFile)

The MemProfileRate determines the fraction of memory allocations that should be recorded. A rate of 1 records all allocations.

Trigger memory allocation and deallocation events within your program.
Stop the memory profiling by calling runtime.MemProfile.Stop():

runtime.MemProfileStop()
memProfileFile.Close()

Analyze the memory profile using the pprof package:

memProfile, _ := os.Open("memProfile.prof")
defer memProfile.Close()

memProfilePprof, _ := pprof.Open(memProfile)
defer memProfilePprof.Close()

memProfilePprof.WriteTo(os.Stdout, 0)

This will print the memory profiling information to the standard output.

Note: The above code assumes that you are running a Go program as a standalone application. If you want to profile a specific portion of your code within a larger program, you may need to use the runtime.MemProfileRecordAllocs() function to enable memory profiling and runtime.GC() to trigger a garbage collection.

Also, keep in mind that memory profiling can be resource-intensive, so use it sparingly and only when necessary.