How to perform network socket programming with raw sockets in Go?

To perform network socket programming with raw sockets in Go, you can use the golang.org/x/net/ipv4 package. Here's a basic example of how to do that:

Import the necessary packages:

package main

import (
   "fmt"
   "golang.org/x/net/ipv4"
   "log"
   "net"
   "os"
)

Create a raw IPv4 socket:

func createRawSocket() (*ipv4.RawConn, error) {
   conn, err := net.ListenPacket("ip4:tcp", "0.0.0.0")
   if err != nil {
      return nil, err
   }

   rawConn, err := ipv4.NewRawConn(conn)
   if err != nil {
      return nil, err
   }

   return rawConn, nil
}

Send a raw IP packet:

func sendRawPacket(rawConn *ipv4.RawConn, dstIP net.IP, payload []byte) error {
   err := rawConn.WriteTo([]byte{0x45, 0x00, 0x00, 0x30, 0xAB, 0xCD, 0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0xC0, 0xA8, 0x01, 0x01, 0xC0, 0xA8, 0x01, 0x02}, nil, &ipv4.ControlMessage{Dst: dstIP})
   if err != nil {
      return err
   }

   return nil
}

In this example, we are sending a simple IP packet with the destination IP set to C0 A8 01 02 (192.168.1.2).

Receive raw IP packets:

func receiveRawPackets(rawConn *ipv4.RawConn) {
   buffer := make([]byte, 2048)
   for {
      n, _, _, err := rawConn.ReadFrom(buffer)
      if err != nil {
         log.Fatal(err)
      }

      fmt.Printf("Received packet of length %d\n", n)
   }
}

This is a basic example of how to perform raw socket programming in Go. Note that raw sockets require elevated privileges and are typically used for low-level networking tasks, like packet inspection or custom protocol implementation.