How to handle line-based input and output in Go with the io package?

In Go, you can use the bufio package from the standard library along with the io package to handle line-based input and output. Here is an example of how to do it:

Handling Line-based Input:

Import the required packages:

import (
    "bufio"
    "os"
)

Create a Scanner using the bufio.NewScanner function, passing the os.Stdin as the input source:

scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)

Iterate through the input using the Scanner.Scan method, which scans for the next line:

for scanner.Scan() {
    // Access the line of input using scanner.Text()
    input := scanner.Text()

    // Process the input
    // ...
}

Handling Line-based Output:

Import the required packages:

import (
    "bufio"
    "os"
)

Create a Writer using the bufio.NewWriter function, passing os.Stdout as the output destination:

writer := bufio.NewWriter(os.Stdout)

Write to the output using the Writer.WriteString method and flush the buffer using Writer.Flush:

// Write output line by line
writer.WriteString("Output line 1\n")
writer.WriteString("Output line 2\n")
// ...

// Flush the buffer to ensure all data is written
writer.Flush()

Note: The Scanner and Writer automatically handle any necessary buffering for you, so there is no need to explicitly manage it.