How to access the value associated with a specific key in a map in Go?

In Go, you can access the value associated with a specific key in a map by using the key itself as an index. Here is an example:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    // Create a map
    m := make(map[string]int)

    // Add key-value pairs to the map
    m["apple"] = 1
    m["banana"] = 2
    m["orange"] = 3

    // Access the value associated with a specific key
    fmt.Println(m["banana"]) // Output: 2

    // You can also use the "comma ok" idiom to check if the key exists
    value, ok := m["apple"]
    if ok {
        fmt.Println(value) // Output: 1
    } else {
        fmt.Println("Key does not exist")
    }
}

In this example, we create a map m where string keys are associated with integer values. We add some key-value pairs to the map. To access the value associated with a specific key, we simply use m[key]. If the key exists, it will return the value; otherwise, it will return the zero value for the value type (0 in this case for int).

Additionally, we can use the "comma ok" idiom to check if a key exists in the map. This is useful when you want to distinguish between a missing key and a zero value associated with the key. In the example above, we check if the key "apple" exists in the map using ok and print the associated value if it does.